Street improvements can increase capacity, safety, and comfort for bicyclists and pedestrians. In some cases, significant improvements can be made with the addition of a simple striped shoulder or bicycle lane, while in other cases more extensive changes are warranted. Some of the most effective investments in pedestrian facilities in recent years include sidewalk construction for closing gaps in pedestrian networks, audible countdown pedestrian signals at crosswalks, and flashing overhead beacons for crossing streets in the middle of a long block.
Bicycle-specific projects can include re-striping a roadway during regular maintenance to include bicycle lanes, and cities are increasingly adding bicycle share programs and building lanes with physical barriers for bicyclists, known as cycle tracks.